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from .py3compat import int2byte
def int_to_bin(number, width=32):
r"""
Convert an integer into its binary representation in a bytes object.
Width is the amount of bits to generate. If width is larger than the actual
amount of bits required to represent number in binary, sign-extension is
used. If it's smaller, the representation is trimmed to width bits.
Each "bit" is either '\x00' or '\x01'. The MSBit is first.
Examples:
>>> int_to_bin(19, 5)
b'\x01\x00\x00\x01\x01'
>>> int_to_bin(19, 8)
b'\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x01\x01'
"""
if number < 0:
number += 1 << width
i = width - 1
bits = bytearray(width)
while number and i >= 0:
bits[i] = number & 1
number >>= 1
i -= 1
return bytes(bits)
_bit_values = {
0: 0,
1: 1,
48: 0, # '0'
49: 1, # '1'
# The following are for Python 2, in which iteration over a bytes object
# yields single-character bytes and not integers.
'\x00': 0,
'\x01': 1,
'0': 0,
'1': 1,
}
def bin_to_int(bits, signed=False):
r"""
Logical opposite of int_to_bin. Both '0' and '\x00' are considered zero,
and both '1' and '\x01' are considered one. Set sign to True to interpret
the number as a 2-s complement signed integer.
"""
number = 0
bias = 0
ptr = 0
if signed and _bit_values[bits[0]] == 1:
bits = bits[1:]
bias = 1 << len(bits)
for b in bits:
number <<= 1
number |= _bit_values[b]
return number - bias
def swap_bytes(bits, bytesize=8):
r"""
Bits is a b'' object containing a binary representation. Assuming each
bytesize bits constitute a bytes, perform a endianness byte swap. Example:
>>> swap_bytes(b'00011011', 2)
b'11100100'
"""
i = 0
l = len(bits)
output = [b""] * ((l // bytesize) + 1)
j = len(output) - 1
while i < l:
output[j] = bits[i : i + bytesize]
i += bytesize
j -= 1
return b"".join(output)
_char_to_bin = {}
_bin_to_char = {}
for i in range(256):
ch = int2byte(i)
bin = int_to_bin(i, 8)
# Populate with for both keys i and ch, to support Python 2 & 3
_char_to_bin[ch] = bin
_char_to_bin[i] = bin
_bin_to_char[bin] = ch
def encode_bin(data):
"""
Create a binary representation of the given b'' object. Assume 8-bit
ASCII. Example:
>>> encode_bin('ab')
b"\x00\x01\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x01\x01\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00"
"""
return b"".join(_char_to_bin[ch] for ch in data)
def decode_bin(data):
"""
Locical opposite of decode_bin.
"""
if len(data) & 7:
raise ValueError("Data length must be a multiple of 8")
i = 0
j = 0
l = len(data) // 8
chars = [b""] * l
while j < l:
chars[j] = _bin_to_char[data[i:i+8]]
i += 8
j += 1
return b"".join(chars)