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// Copyright 2016 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
// Package errgroup provides synchronization, error propagation, and Context
// cancelation for groups of goroutines working on subtasks of a common task.
//
// [errgroup.Group] is related to [sync.WaitGroup] but adds handling of tasks
// returning errors.
package errgroup
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"sync"
)
type token struct{}
// A Group is a collection of goroutines working on subtasks that are part of
// the same overall task.
//
// A zero Group is valid, has no limit on the number of active goroutines,
// and does not cancel on error.
type Group struct {
cancel func(error)
wg sync.WaitGroup
sem chan token
errOnce sync.Once
err error
}
func (g *Group) done() {
if g.sem != nil {
<-g.sem
}
g.wg.Done()
}
// WithContext returns a new Group and an associated Context derived from ctx.
//
// The derived Context is canceled the first time a function passed to Go
// returns a non-nil error or the first time Wait returns, whichever occurs
// first.
func WithContext(ctx context.Context) (*Group, context.Context) {
ctx, cancel := withCancelCause(ctx)
return &Group{cancel: cancel}, ctx
}
// Wait blocks until all function calls from the Go method have returned, then
// returns the first non-nil error (if any) from them.
func (g *Group) Wait() error {
g.wg.Wait()
if g.cancel != nil {
g.cancel(g.err)
}
return g.err
}
// Go calls the given function in a new goroutine.
// It blocks until the new goroutine can be added without the number of
// active goroutines in the group exceeding the configured limit.
//
// The first call to return a non-nil error cancels the group's context, if the
// group was created by calling WithContext. The error will be returned by Wait.
func (g *Group) Go(f func() error) {
if g.sem != nil {
g.sem <- token{}
}
g.wg.Add(1)
go func() {
defer g.done()
if err := f(); err != nil {
g.errOnce.Do(func() {
g.err = err
if g.cancel != nil {
g.cancel(g.err)
}
})
}
}()
}
// TryGo calls the given function in a new goroutine only if the number of
// active goroutines in the group is currently below the configured limit.
//
// The return value reports whether the goroutine was started.
func (g *Group) TryGo(f func() error) bool {
if g.sem != nil {
select {
case g.sem <- token{}:
// Note: this allows barging iff channels in general allow barging.
default:
return false
}
}
g.wg.Add(1)
go func() {
defer g.done()
if err := f(); err != nil {
g.errOnce.Do(func() {
g.err = err
if g.cancel != nil {
g.cancel(g.err)
}
})
}
}()
return true
}
// SetLimit limits the number of active goroutines in this group to at most n.
// A negative value indicates no limit.
//
// Any subsequent call to the Go method will block until it can add an active
// goroutine without exceeding the configured limit.
//
// The limit must not be modified while any goroutines in the group are active.
func (g *Group) SetLimit(n int) {
if n < 0 {
g.sem = nil
return
}
if len(g.sem) != 0 {
panic(fmt.Errorf("errgroup: modify limit while %v goroutines in the group are still active", len(g.sem)))
}
g.sem = make(chan token, n)
}