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# sql/roles.py
# Copyright (C) 2005-2024 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
# <see AUTHORS file>
#
# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
from .. import util
class SQLRole(object):
"""Define a "role" within a SQL statement structure.
Classes within SQL Core participate within SQLRole hierarchies in order
to more accurately indicate where they may be used within SQL statements
of all types.
.. versionadded:: 1.4
"""
allows_lambda = False
uses_inspection = False
class UsesInspection(object):
_post_inspect = None
uses_inspection = True
class AllowsLambdaRole(object):
allows_lambda = True
class HasCacheKeyRole(SQLRole):
_role_name = "Cacheable Core or ORM object"
class ExecutableOptionRole(SQLRole):
__slots__ = ()
_role_name = "ExecutionOption Core or ORM object"
class LiteralValueRole(SQLRole):
_role_name = "Literal Python value"
class ColumnArgumentRole(SQLRole):
_role_name = "Column expression"
class ColumnArgumentOrKeyRole(ColumnArgumentRole):
_role_name = "Column expression or string key"
class StrAsPlainColumnRole(ColumnArgumentRole):
_role_name = "Column expression or string key"
class ColumnListRole(SQLRole):
"""Elements suitable for forming comma separated lists of expressions."""
class TruncatedLabelRole(SQLRole):
_role_name = "String SQL identifier"
class ColumnsClauseRole(AllowsLambdaRole, UsesInspection, ColumnListRole):
_role_name = "Column expression or FROM clause"
@property
def _select_iterable(self):
raise NotImplementedError()
class LimitOffsetRole(SQLRole):
_role_name = "LIMIT / OFFSET expression"
class ByOfRole(ColumnListRole):
_role_name = "GROUP BY / OF / etc. expression"
class GroupByRole(AllowsLambdaRole, UsesInspection, ByOfRole):
# note there's a special case right now where you can pass a whole
# ORM entity to group_by() and it splits out. we may not want to keep
# this around
_role_name = "GROUP BY expression"
class OrderByRole(AllowsLambdaRole, ByOfRole):
_role_name = "ORDER BY expression"
class StructuralRole(SQLRole):
pass
class StatementOptionRole(StructuralRole):
_role_name = "statement sub-expression element"
class OnClauseRole(AllowsLambdaRole, StructuralRole):
_role_name = "SQL expression for ON clause"
class WhereHavingRole(OnClauseRole):
_role_name = "SQL expression for WHERE/HAVING role"
class ExpressionElementRole(SQLRole):
_role_name = "SQL expression element"
class ConstExprRole(ExpressionElementRole):
_role_name = "Constant True/False/None expression"
class LabeledColumnExprRole(ExpressionElementRole):
pass
class BinaryElementRole(ExpressionElementRole):
_role_name = "SQL expression element or literal value"
class InElementRole(SQLRole):
_role_name = (
"IN expression list, SELECT construct, or bound parameter object"
)
class JoinTargetRole(AllowsLambdaRole, UsesInspection, StructuralRole):
_role_name = (
"Join target, typically a FROM expression, or ORM "
"relationship attribute"
)
class FromClauseRole(ColumnsClauseRole, JoinTargetRole):
_role_name = "FROM expression, such as a Table or alias() object"
_is_subquery = False
@property
def _hide_froms(self):
raise NotImplementedError()
class StrictFromClauseRole(FromClauseRole):
# does not allow text() or select() objects
@property
def description(self):
raise NotImplementedError()
class AnonymizedFromClauseRole(StrictFromClauseRole):
# calls .alias() as a post processor
def _anonymous_fromclause(self, name=None, flat=False):
raise NotImplementedError()
class ReturnsRowsRole(SQLRole):
_role_name = (
"Row returning expression such as a SELECT, a FROM clause, or an "
"INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE with RETURNING"
)
class StatementRole(SQLRole):
_role_name = "Executable SQL or text() construct"
_propagate_attrs = util.immutabledict()
class SelectStatementRole(StatementRole, ReturnsRowsRole):
_role_name = "SELECT construct or equivalent text() construct"
def subquery(self):
raise NotImplementedError(
"All SelectStatementRole objects should implement a "
".subquery() method."
)
class HasCTERole(ReturnsRowsRole):
pass
class IsCTERole(SQLRole):
_role_name = "CTE object"
class CompoundElementRole(AllowsLambdaRole, SQLRole):
"""SELECT statements inside a CompoundSelect, e.g. UNION, EXTRACT, etc."""
_role_name = (
"SELECT construct for inclusion in a UNION or other set construct"
)
# TODO: are we using this?
class DMLRole(StatementRole):
pass
class DMLTableRole(FromClauseRole):
_role_name = "subject table for an INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE"
class DMLColumnRole(SQLRole):
_role_name = "SET/VALUES column expression or string key"
class DMLSelectRole(SQLRole):
"""A SELECT statement embedded in DML, typically INSERT from SELECT"""
_role_name = "SELECT statement or equivalent textual object"
class DDLRole(StatementRole):
pass
class DDLExpressionRole(StructuralRole):
_role_name = "SQL expression element for DDL constraint"
class DDLConstraintColumnRole(SQLRole):
_role_name = "String column name or column expression for DDL constraint"
class DDLReferredColumnRole(DDLConstraintColumnRole):
_role_name = (
"String column name or Column object for DDL foreign key constraint"
)