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// Copyright 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package exec_test
import (
"context"
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"io"
"log"
"os"
"os/exec"
"strings"
"time"
)
func ExampleLookPath() {
path, err := exec.LookPath("fortune")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal("installing fortune is in your future")
}
fmt.Printf("fortune is available at %s\n", path)
}
func ExampleCommand() {
cmd := exec.Command("tr", "a-z", "A-Z")
cmd.Stdin = strings.NewReader("some input")
var out strings.Builder
cmd.Stdout = &out
err := cmd.Run()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Printf("in all caps: %q\n", out.String())
}
func ExampleCommand_environment() {
cmd := exec.Command("prog")
cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(),
"FOO=duplicate_value", // ignored
"FOO=actual_value", // this value is used
)
if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
}
func ExampleCmd_Output() {
out, err := exec.Command("date").Output()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Printf("The date is %s\n", out)
}
func ExampleCmd_Run() {
cmd := exec.Command("sleep", "1")
log.Printf("Running command and waiting for it to finish...")
err := cmd.Run()
log.Printf("Command finished with error: %v", err)
}
func ExampleCmd_Start() {
cmd := exec.Command("sleep", "5")
err := cmd.Start()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
log.Printf("Waiting for command to finish...")
err = cmd.Wait()
log.Printf("Command finished with error: %v", err)
}
func ExampleCmd_StdoutPipe() {
cmd := exec.Command("echo", "-n", `{"Name": "Bob", "Age": 32}`)
stdout, err := cmd.StdoutPipe()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
if err := cmd.Start(); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
var person struct {
Name string
Age int
}
if err := json.NewDecoder(stdout).Decode(&person); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
if err := cmd.Wait(); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Printf("%s is %d years old\n", person.Name, person.Age)
}
func ExampleCmd_StdinPipe() {
cmd := exec.Command("cat")
stdin, err := cmd.StdinPipe()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
go func() {
defer stdin.Close()
io.WriteString(stdin, "values written to stdin are passed to cmd's standard input")
}()
out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Printf("%s\n", out)
}
func ExampleCmd_StderrPipe() {
cmd := exec.Command("sh", "-c", "echo stdout; echo 1>&2 stderr")
stderr, err := cmd.StderrPipe()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
if err := cmd.Start(); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
slurp, _ := io.ReadAll(stderr)
fmt.Printf("%s\n", slurp)
if err := cmd.Wait(); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
}
func ExampleCmd_CombinedOutput() {
cmd := exec.Command("sh", "-c", "echo stdout; echo 1>&2 stderr")
stdoutStderr, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Printf("%s\n", stdoutStderr)
}
func ExampleCmd_Environ() {
cmd := exec.Command("pwd")
// Set Dir before calling cmd.Environ so that it will include an
// updated PWD variable (on platforms where that is used).
cmd.Dir = ".."
cmd.Env = append(cmd.Environ(), "POSIXLY_CORRECT=1")
out, err := cmd.Output()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Printf("%s\n", out)
}
func ExampleCommandContext() {
ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 100*time.Millisecond)
defer cancel()
if err := exec.CommandContext(ctx, "sleep", "5").Run(); err != nil {
// This will fail after 100 milliseconds. The 5 second sleep
// will be interrupted.
}
}